Introduction As men age, gradual changes occur in reproductive function, hormone levels, and sexual performance. While these changes are natural, preventive andrology focuses on early detection, risk reduction, and health optimization to promote longevity and vitality. Age-Related Changes in Male Health Common age-related conditions include de

Introduction Sexual dysfunction is a common condition affecting men of all ages. Disorders such as erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, and decreased libido are frequent reasons for seeking andrological consultation. Etiology of Sexual Dysfunction Sexual dysfunction may result from vascular disease, neurological di

Introduction Hormonal regulation is fundamental to male reproductive and sexual health. Testosterone and other androgens influence spermatogenesis, libido, muscle mass, bone density, mood, and metabolic function. Andrology plays a central role in diagnosing and managing hormonal disorders in men. Physiology of Androgens Testosterone is produce

Introduction Male infertility is a significant global health issue, contributing to approximately half of infertility cases among couples. Despite its prevalence, male infertility is often overlooked or inadequately investigated. Andrology provides a scientific and clinical framework for understanding the underlying causes and developing effective

Introduction Andrology is a specialized field of medicine dedicated to the study and management of male reproductive and sexual health. While gynecology has long been recognized as essential for women’s health, andrology has only relatively recently gained comparable recognition in clinical practice and public health discourse. Despite this, and